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Martin Schrader
Research Team Leader Immersive Communication Team
Tampere, Finland
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Background

Studying physics at the University of Erlangen/Nürnberg in Germany starting in 1987 I received my Masters/Diploma with a thesis on the design and fabrication of computer generated holographical structures in 1993. Working on "smart pixels" (opto-electronic components with integrated laser and detector) as visiting scientist at the University of Princeton/NJ during 1993/94 I continued my optics track. As visiting scientist at the Universities of Oxford and Turku I did most of my experimental work for my PhD thesis on high-resolution laser scanning microscopy which I completed again at the University of Erlangen/Nürnberg in 1997.

For another two years I continued working on high-resolution microscopy at the Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen/Germany before moving to Tampere to start working at Nokia Research Center in 1999. From 1999 to 2006 I have been working on Optics, Display and Camera Technology, first as a senior research engineer, later as principal scientist and then as a team leader of the Camera & Display Technology group.

Present Work and Interests

Currently I am leading a research team that, as part of the Nokia Research Center Tampere, investigates user perception and technologies relevant for creating communication and content consumption solutions that in quality and intensity of the experience reach or even surpass the level of direct human-to-human communication and other real life experiences.

In other words, the future telecommunication solutions that our "Immersive Communication Team" envisions are expected to provide a feeling of real presence that is virtually identical with a direct face-to-face communication. The transformation of current telecommunication towards such a fully engaging new form of communication is happening through advances in audio-visual technologies as moving from 2D to 3D representation, but also through completely new ways of communication as social networks, virtual and mixed-reality environments and a multitude of means to get real-time information about location, activities, mood and intention of the people that are relevant to me.

My present work includes thus the studies of different communication technologies and research on the way we experience communication.

Publications

A. Egner, M. Schrader and S. W. Hell (1998). "Refractive index mismatch induced intensity and phase variations in fluorescence confocal, multiphoton and 4Pi- microscopy." Opt. Commun. 153: 211-217.

M. Schrader, U. G. Hofmann and S. W. Hell (1998). "Ultrathin fluorescent layers for monitoring the axial resolution in confocal and two-photon fluorescence microscopy." J. Microsc. 191: 135-140.

M. Schrader, K. Bahlmann, G. Giese and S. W. Hell (1998). "4Pi-Confocal Imaging in Fixed Biological Specimens." Biophys. J. 75: 1659-1668.

M. Schrader, S. W. Hell and H. T. M. v. d. Voort (1998). "Three-dimensional superresolution with a 4Pi-confocal microscope using image restoration." J. Appl. Phys. 84: 4033-4042.

J. R. Lakowicz, I. Grysczynski, H. Malak, M. Schrader, P. Engelhardt, H. Kano and S. W. Hell (1997). "Time-Resolved Fluorescene Spectroscopy and Imaging of DNA Labeled with DAPI and Hoechst 33342 Using Three-Photon Excitation." Biophysical Journal 72: 567-578.

M. Schrader (1997). Auflösungserhöhung in der 3-dimensionalen Fluoreszenzmikroskopie. Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander_Universität: 80.

S. W. Hell, M. Schrader and H. T. M. van der Voort (1997). "Far-field fluorescence microscopy with three-dimensional resolution in the 100 nm range." J. Microsc. 185(1): 1-5.

S. W. Hell, M. Schrader, M. Nagorni and H. T. M. van der Voort (1997). "4Pi-confocal microscopy restored with the 4Pi-PSF provides 3D-resolution in the 100 nm range." Cell Vision -J. Anal. Morphol. 4(2): 187.

M. Schrader, K. Bahlmann and S. W. Hell (1997). "Three-Photon excitation microscopy: theory, experiment and applications." Optik 104(3): 116-124.

M. Schrader, M. Kozubek, S. W. Hell and T. Wilson (1997). "Optical transfer functions of 4Pi confocal microscopes: theory and experiment." Optics Lett. 22(7): 436-438.

S. W. Hell, K. Bahlmann, M. Schrader, A. Soini, H. Malak, I. Gryczynski and J. R. Lakowicz (1996). "Three-photon excitation in fluorescence microscopy." J. Biomed. Opt. 1(1): 71-73.

H. Kano, H. T. M. van der Voort, M. Schrader, G. M. P. van Kempen and S. W. Hell (1996). "Avalanche photodiode detection with object scanning and image restoration provides 2-4 fold resolution increase in two-photon fluorescence microscopy." Bioimaging 4(3): 187-197.

M. Schrader, S. W. Hell and H. T. M. Van der Voort (1996). "Potential of confocal microscopes to resolve in the 50-100 nm range." Appl. Phys. Lett. 69(24): 3644-3646.

M. Schrader and S. W. Hell (1996). "4Pi-confocal images with axial superresolution." J. Microsc. 183: 189-193.

M. Schrader and S. W. Hell (1996). "Waves in the focus of a light microscope." J. Microsc. 184: 143-148.

S. W. Hell, P. E. Hänninen, A. Kuusisto, M. Schrader and E. Soini (1995). "Annular aperture 2-photon excitation microscopy." Opt. Commun. 117: 20-24.

S. W. Hell, P. E. Hänninen, M. Schrader, T. Wilson and E. Soini (1995). "Resolution beyond the diffraction limit: 4Pi-confocal, STED, and GSD." Zool. Stud. 34: Suppl. I, 70.

S. W. Hell, M. Schrader, P. E. Hänninen and E. Soini (1995). "Resolving fluorescence beads at 100-200 distance with a two-photon 4Pi-microscope working in the near infrared." Opt. Commun. 117: 20-24.

S. W. Hell, M. Schrader, K. Bahlmann, F. Meinecke, J. R. Lakowicz and I. Gryczynski (1995). "Stimulated Emission on a Microscopic Scale: Light Quenching of Pyridinium 2 using a Ti:Sapphire laser." J. Microsc. 180: RP1-RP2.

P. E. Hänninen, M. Schrader, E. Soini and S. W. Hell (1995). "Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy using a semiconductor laser." Bioimaging 3: 70-75.

M. Schrader, F. Meinecke, K. Bahlmann, M. Kroug, C. Cremer, E. Soini and S. W. Hell (1995). "Monitoring the excited state of a dye in a microscope by stimulated emission." Bioimaging 3: 147-153.

N. Lindlein, J. Schwider, M. Schrader, O. Falkenstörfer, R. Völkel and N. Streibl (1993). "Wavelength mismatch correcting elements for volume holograms written on a Laser Pattern Generator." J. Mod. Opt. 40: 647-661.

N. Streibl, J. Schwider, M. Schrader and U. Krackhardt (1993). "Synthetic holograms written by a laser pattern generator." Opt. Eng. 32: 781-785.

M. C. Hutley, P. Savander and M. Schrader (1992). "The use of microlenses for making spatially variant optical interconnections." Appl. Opt. 1: 331-346.